
Choreography:Nacho Duato
Music: Claude Debussy : Pastoral, first part from the Sonata for flute, viola and harp (1916). Syrinx, solo for flute (1912/1913). Final, last part from the Sonata for flute, viola and harp (1916). Danse sacrée et danse profane for harp and string orchestra (1904).
Sets: Walter Nobbe
Costumes: Susan Unger
Lighting Design: Nicolás Fischtel
World premiere by the Nederlands Dans Theater at the AT&T Danstheater, The Hague, November 21st, 1991. Premiere by Compañía Nacional de Danza at the Teatro Lírico Nacional La Zarzuela, December 11th, 1992.
Duato's ‘ideas' for choreography are almost always preceded by his choice of music, which characterises his working method. Maybe this applies to
Duende in particular, because the music was the only source of inspiration for this ballet. Long ago, Duato fell in love with Debussy, especially with the way the composer makes nature sound in music. When he listens to this music, Duato visualises shapes, not people, relationships or events. This is why he considers
Duende as an almost sculptural work: a body, a movement, that goes with the tune.
Duende literally means elf or
fairy, like the ones who tidy
upchildren's toys at night,
but it can also mean rascal,
a naughty child. One can also
possess ‘duende’, when radiating energy and great charm, almost having a magical attraction. In Andalusia flamenco is said
to have duende, which can hardly be translated into another language. Flamenco has a touch of spell, one might say, like the way black music has 'soul'.
At the beginning of the twentieth
century Debussy was an unknown
composer, and the public was
suddenly listening to absolutely
different sounds. Strange, beautiful
and magical, as they must have
been, these sounds have identified
his complex cultural roots. Debussy’s music reveals classical and romantic origins, apart from connections with lay music, folk songs, Arab, eastern and slave cultures, and even with jazz.
Classicism may simply be explained
as consecrated to form. In this
sense, Romanticism is usually
defined as the expression of
emotions. However, the relationship
between Debussy and these two
concepts is not always so simple.
Form and emotion are always present
in his music, but more as the
result of a process of insinuation
than one of definition. In one
of his rules for composers, Debussy
wrote: “Discipline must be looked for in freedom”. This could be considered his first command.
Debussy is frequently identified
with the impressionist artistic
movement: but whereas painters
like Monet gave great importance
to light, Debussy was mainly
interested in the quality and
effect of sound. Comments of
Debussy about Stravinsky were
that “he was widening the borders of what is allowed in the empire of sound”, and this could undoubtedly be applied to his own work.